{
 "name": "StatuteLimits.com — US civil statutes of limitations",
 "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/",
 "reviewed": "2026-10",
 "license": "Free to reuse with attribution (link to statutelimits.com). General information, not legal advice.",
 "caseTypes": [
  {
   "slug": "personal-injury",
   "label": "Personal Injury",
   "description": "Car accidents, slips and falls, assault, and other bodily injury claims"
  },
  {
   "slug": "medical-malpractice",
   "label": "Medical Malpractice",
   "description": "Errors by doctors, nurses, hospitals, or other healthcare providers"
  },
  {
   "slug": "written-contract",
   "label": "Written Contract",
   "description": "Breach of a signed written agreement or contract"
  },
  {
   "slug": "oral-contract",
   "label": "Oral Contract",
   "description": "Breach of a verbal or handshake agreement"
  },
  {
   "slug": "defamation",
   "label": "Defamation",
   "description": "Libel (written) or slander (spoken) false statements causing harm"
  },
  {
   "slug": "wrongful-death",
   "label": "Wrongful Death",
   "description": "Death caused by another's negligence or wrongful act"
  },
  {
   "slug": "property-damage",
   "label": "Property Damage",
   "description": "Damage to real estate, vehicles, or personal property"
  },
  {
   "slug": "fraud",
   "label": "Fraud",
   "description": "Intentional deception causing financial or other harm"
  },
  {
   "slug": "slip-and-fall",
   "label": "Slip & Fall",
   "description": "Premises liability claims from slipping, tripping, or falling on someone's property"
  },
  {
   "slug": "dog-bite",
   "label": "Dog Bite",
   "description": "Injuries from dog bites or other animal attacks"
  },
  {
   "slug": "product-liability",
   "label": "Product Liability",
   "description": "Injuries caused by defective, dangerous, or improperly labeled products"
  },
  {
   "slug": "assault-battery",
   "label": "Assault & Battery",
   "description": "Civil claims for intentional physical harm or threats of harm"
  },
  {
   "slug": "sexual-assault",
   "label": "Sexual Assault",
   "description": "Civil claims for sexual assault, abuse, or harassment"
  },
  {
   "slug": "nursing-home-abuse",
   "label": "Nursing Home Abuse",
   "description": "Neglect, abuse, or exploitation of residents in nursing homes and care facilities"
  }
 ],
 "states": [
  {
   "name": "Alabama",
   "slug": "alabama",
   "abbr": "AL",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alabama",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ala. Code § 6-2-38",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: must file Notice of Claim within 6 months",
      "Minors: tolled until age 19, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Alabama uses a 2-year rule for most tort claims including car accidents and slip-and-fall.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alabama/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ala. Code § 6-5-482",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or omission, or date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "4-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Minors under 4 at time of act: until age 8"
     ],
     "notes": "Alabama has a hard repose cap of 4 years regardless of discovery.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alabama/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Ala. Code § 6-2-34",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts. Partial payments may restart the clock.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alabama/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Ala. Code § 6-2-37",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Alabama gives 6 years to file a oral contract claim under Ala. Code § 6-2-37. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alabama/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ala. Code § 6-2-38(k)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication or utterance",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Alabama allows 2 years for defamation, more generous than many southern states.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alabama/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ala. Code § 6-5-410",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [
      "Estate must bring claim, not heirs directly",
      "Gov entity notice required within 6 months"
     ],
     "notes": "Alabama's wrongful death statute is unique — only punitive damages are recoverable.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alabama/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Ala. Code § 6-2-34",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Property damage claims fall under the general 6-year limitations period.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alabama/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ala. Code § 6-2-34",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery of fraud",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule: clock begins when fraud was or should have been discovered"
     ],
     "notes": "Alabama gives 2 years to file a fraud claim under Ala. Code § 6-2-34. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alabama/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ala. Code § 6-2-38",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: must file Notice of Claim within 6 months",
      "Minors: tolled until age 19, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Alabama applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alabama/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ala. Code § 6-2-38",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: must file Notice of Claim within 6 months",
      "Minors: tolled until age 19, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Alabama applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alabama/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ala. Code § 6-2-38",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: must file Notice of Claim within 6 months",
      "Minors: tolled until age 19, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Alabama product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alabama/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ala. Code § 6-2-38",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: must file Notice of Claim within 6 months",
      "Minors: tolled until age 19, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Alabama are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alabama/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ala. Code § 6-2-38",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Alabama applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alabama/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ala. Code § 6-2-38",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: must file Notice of Claim within 6 months",
      "Minors: tolled until age 19, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Alabama nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alabama/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Alaska",
   "slug": "alaska",
   "abbr": "AK",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alaska",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 09.10.070",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Gov entities: 120-day notice required"
     ],
     "notes": "Alaska follows the standard 2-year rule for personal injury claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alaska/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 09.10.070",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "10-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Minors: special rules apply"
     ],
     "notes": "Alaska has a 10-year repose cap on medical malpractice claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alaska/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 09.10.053",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Alaska gives only 3 years for written contracts — shorter than most states.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alaska/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 09.10.053",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Alaska gives 3 years to file a oral contract claim under Alaska Stat. § 09.10.053. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alaska/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 09.10.070",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for libel and slander claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alaska/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 09.55.580",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [
      "Personal representative must bring claim"
     ],
     "notes": "Claim must be brought by the personal representative of the estate.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alaska/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 09.10.050",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for property damage in Alaska.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alaska/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 09.10.053",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies — clock starts at discovery"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraudulent act.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alaska/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 09.10.070",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Gov entities: 120-day notice required",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Alaska applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alaska/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 09.10.070",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Gov entities: 120-day notice required",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Alaska applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alaska/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 09.10.070",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Gov entities: 120-day notice required",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Alaska product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alaska/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 09.10.070",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Gov entities: 120-day notice required",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Alaska are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alaska/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 09.10.070",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Alaska applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alaska/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 09.10.070",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Gov entities: 120-day notice required",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Alaska nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/alaska/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Arizona",
   "slug": "arizona",
   "abbr": "AZ",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arizona",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-542",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 180-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Most personal injury claims in Arizona must be filed within 2 years.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arizona/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-542.01",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "3-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Minors under 7: extended period applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Arizona has a 3-year repose cap — one of the shorter repose periods nationally.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arizona/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-548",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts in Arizona.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arizona/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-543",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Arizona gives 3 years to file a oral contract claim under Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-543. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arizona/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-541",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Arizona has one of the shortest defamation periods — only 1 year.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arizona/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-542",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entity 180-day notice required"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arizona/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-542",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for damage to personal property.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arizona/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-543(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule: clock starts when fraud was discovered or reasonably should have been"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arizona/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-542",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 180-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Arizona applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arizona/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-542",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 180-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Arizona applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arizona/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-542",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 180-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Arizona product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arizona/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-542",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 180-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Arizona are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arizona/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-542",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Arizona applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arizona/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-542",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 180-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Arizona nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arizona/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Arkansas",
   "slug": "arkansas",
   "abbr": "AR",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arkansas",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ark. Code Ann. § 16-56-105",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18"
     ],
     "notes": "Arkansas provides 3 years for most personal injury claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arkansas/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ark. Code Ann. § 16-114-203",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule: runs from date patient knew or should have known",
      "5-year statute of repose from date of act"
     ],
     "notes": "Arkansas has a 5-year repose cap with a 2-year limitations period.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arkansas/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Ark. Code Ann. § 16-56-111",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Five years for written contracts in Arkansas.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arkansas/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ark. Code Ann. § 16-56-105",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for oral and implied contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arkansas/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ark. Code Ann. § 16-56-105",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Arkansas allows 3 years — longer than most states for defamation.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arkansas/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ark. Code Ann. § 16-62-102",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arkansas/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ark. Code Ann. § 16-56-105",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for property damage claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arkansas/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ark. Code Ann. § 16-56-111",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Arkansas gives 3 years to file a fraud claim under Ark. Code Ann. § 16-56-111. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arkansas/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ark. Code Ann. § 16-56-105",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Arkansas applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arkansas/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ark. Code Ann. § 16-56-105",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Arkansas applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arkansas/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ark. Code Ann. § 16-56-105",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Arkansas product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arkansas/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ark. Code Ann. § 16-56-105",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Arkansas are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arkansas/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ark. Code Ann. § 16-56-105",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Arkansas applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arkansas/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ark. Code Ann. § 16-56-105",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Arkansas nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/arkansas/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "California",
   "slug": "california",
   "abbr": "CA",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/california",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 335.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Gov't Tort Claims Act — 6 months to file claim with agency",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Delayed discovery rule may apply"
     ],
     "notes": "California's 2-year period was extended from 1 year in 2003. Government claims require a separate administrative claim first.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/california/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 340.5",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury or discovery (whichever is earlier)",
     "exceptions": [
      "3-year repose cap from date of injury",
      "Minors under 6: until age 8 or 3 years from act, whichever is longer"
     ],
     "notes": "California uses both a discovery-based rule and a hard repose cap. The 3-year period from injury is a maximum regardless of discovery.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/california/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 337",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Four years for written contracts. The UCC may provide different periods for sales of goods.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/california/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 339",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for oral contracts — significantly shorter than written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/california/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 340(c)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [
      "Single publication rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "California's 1-year defamation period is strict. The single publication rule limits repeated claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/california/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 335.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entity 6-month administrative claim required"
     ],
     "notes": "Same period as personal injury — 2 years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/california/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 338(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for damage to real or personal property.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/california/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 338(d)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule: clock starts when fraud was or should have been discovered"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery, subject to the discovery rule.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/california/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 335.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Gov't Tort Claims Act — 6 months to file claim with agency",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Delayed discovery rule may apply",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "California applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/california/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 335.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Gov't Tort Claims Act — 6 months to file claim with agency",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Delayed discovery rule may apply",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "California applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/california/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 335.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Gov't Tort Claims Act — 6 months to file claim with agency",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Delayed discovery rule may apply",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "California product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/california/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 335.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Gov't Tort Claims Act — 6 months to file claim with agency",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Delayed discovery rule may apply",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in California are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/california/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 340.16",
     "clockStarts": "Date of last act OR date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "For childhood sexual abuse against an institution: no SOL under AB 218 (until 2026 revival window)",
      "Discovery rule for suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18"
     ],
     "notes": "California allows 10 years from the last act or 3 years from discovery for adult sexual assault claims. For childhood abuse involving institutions (schools, churches), a revival window opened in 2019 under AB 218.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/california/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 335.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Gov't Tort Claims Act — 6 months to file claim with agency",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Delayed discovery rule may apply",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "California nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/california/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Colorado",
   "slug": "colorado",
   "abbr": "CO",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/colorado",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-80-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 182-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Motor-vehicle accident claims: 3 years (C.R.S. § 13-80-101(1)(n))"
     ],
     "notes": "Colorado gives 2 years to file a personal injury claim under Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-80-101. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/colorado/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-80-102.5",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "3-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Minors: special extensions apply"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from discovery with a 3-year absolute repose period.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/colorado/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-80-103.5",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [
      "Actions to collect liquidated debts: 6 years (C.R.S. § 13-80-103.5)"
     ],
     "notes": "Colorado gives 3 years to file a written contract claim under Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-80-103.5. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/colorado/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-80-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Colorado gives 3 years to file a oral contract claim under Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-80-101. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/colorado/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-80-103",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation claims — act quickly.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/colorado/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-21-203",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/colorado/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-80-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for property damage claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/colorado/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-80-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraudulent conduct.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/colorado/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-80-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 182-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Motor-vehicle accident claims: 3 years (C.R.S. § 13-80-101(1)(n))",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Colorado applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/colorado/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-80-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 182-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Motor-vehicle accident claims: 3 years (C.R.S. § 13-80-101(1)(n))",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Colorado applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/colorado/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-80-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 182-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Motor-vehicle accident claims: 3 years (C.R.S. § 13-80-101(1)(n))",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Colorado product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/colorado/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-80-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 182-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Motor-vehicle accident claims: 3 years (C.R.S. § 13-80-101(1)(n))",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Colorado are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/colorado/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "C.R.S. § 13-80-103.7",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "No SOL for childhood sexual abuse claims (SB 21-73, 2021)",
      "Adult survivors: 6 years from discovery"
     ],
     "notes": "Colorado eliminated the statute of limitations for childhood sexual abuse in 2021. Adult sexual assault: 6 years from discovery.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/colorado/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-80-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 182-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Motor-vehicle accident claims: 3 years (C.R.S. § 13-80-101(1)(n))",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Colorado nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/colorado/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Connecticut",
   "slug": "connecticut",
   "abbr": "CT",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/connecticut",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-584",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 90 days required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Connecticut uses a discovery rule — 2 years from when injury was or should have been discovered.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/connecticut/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-584",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "3-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Claimant must provide Good Faith Certificate"
     ],
     "notes": "Connecticut requires a Good Faith Certificate from a similar healthcare provider before filing.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/connecticut/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-576",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/connecticut/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-581",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Connecticut gives 3 years to file a oral contract claim under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-581. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/connecticut/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-597",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for libel and slander claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/connecticut/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-555",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death to bring a wrongful death action.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/connecticut/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-577",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Connecticut gives 2 years to file a property damage claim under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-577. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/connecticut/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-577",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/connecticut/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-584",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 90 days required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Connecticut applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/connecticut/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-584",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 90 days required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Connecticut applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/connecticut/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-584",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 90 days required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules",
      "10-year product liability repose (C.G.S. § 52-577a(a))"
     ],
     "notes": "Connecticut gives 3 years to file a product liability claim under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-584. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above. The discovery rule typically applies to latent defects; check any statute of repose measured from sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/connecticut/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-584",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 90 days required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Connecticut are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/connecticut/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-584",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Connecticut applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/connecticut/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-584",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 90 days required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Connecticut nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/connecticut/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Delaware",
   "slug": "delaware",
   "abbr": "DE",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/delaware",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8119",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Standard 2-year rule for personal injury in Delaware.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/delaware/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Del. Code Ann. tit. 18, § 6856",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "3-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Affidavit of Merit required at filing"
     ],
     "notes": "Delaware requires an Affidavit of Merit from a medical expert at the time of filing.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/delaware/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8106",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Delaware's 3-year period for written contracts is shorter than most states.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/delaware/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8107",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Delaware gives 3 years to file a oral contract claim under Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8107. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/delaware/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8119",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for defamation claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/delaware/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8107",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/delaware/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8107",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/delaware/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8106",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/delaware/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8119",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Delaware applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/delaware/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8119",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Delaware applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/delaware/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8119",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Delaware product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/delaware/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8119",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Delaware are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/delaware/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8119",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Delaware applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/delaware/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8119",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Delaware nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/delaware/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Florida",
   "slug": "florida",
   "abbr": "FL",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/florida",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Fla. Stat. § 95.11(3)(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "⚠️ Shortened from 4 years to 2 years effective March 24, 2023",
      "Gov entities: 3-year notice of claim period",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "IMPORTANT: Florida shortened its PI statute from 4 to 2 years in March 2023. Incidents before that date may still have the 4-year period.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/florida/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Fla. Stat. § 95.11(4)(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "4-year statute of repose from date of incident",
      "Pre-suit notice required 90 days before filing",
      "Minors: extended period applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Florida requires a 90-day pre-suit investigation period before filing a malpractice lawsuit.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/florida/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Fla. Stat. § 95.11(2)(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Five years for written contracts in Florida.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/florida/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Fla. Stat. § 95.11(3)(k)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Four years for oral contracts per the exception rule.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/florida/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Fla. Stat. § 95.11(4)(g)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for libel and slander in Florida.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/florida/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Fla. Stat. § 95.11(4)(d)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [
      "Pre-suit notice required 90 days before filing"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from date of death; pre-suit notice may be required for medical-based wrongful death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/florida/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Fla. Stat. § 95.11(3)(h)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Four years for property damage claims in Florida.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/florida/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Fla. Stat. § 95.11(3)(j)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule: clock starts when fraud was or should have been discovered"
     ],
     "notes": "Four years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/florida/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Fla. Stat. § 95.11(3)(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "⚠️ Shortened from 4 years to 2 years effective March 24, 2023",
      "Gov entities: 3-year notice of claim period",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Florida applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/florida/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Fla. Stat. § 95.11(3)(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "⚠️ Shortened from 4 years to 2 years effective March 24, 2023",
      "Gov entities: 3-year notice of claim period",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Florida applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/florida/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Fla. Stat. § 95.11(3)(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "⚠️ Shortened from 4 years to 2 years effective March 24, 2023",
      "Gov entities: 3-year notice of claim period",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Florida product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/florida/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Fla. Stat. § 95.11(3)(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "⚠️ Shortened from 4 years to 2 years effective March 24, 2023",
      "Gov entities: 3-year notice of claim period",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Florida are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/florida/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Fla. Stat. § 95.11(9)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Childhood abuse (before age 16): 7 years from age 18, or 4 years from discovery, whichever is later",
      "Adult survivors: 4 years from act or 2 years from discovery"
     ],
     "notes": "Florida gives childhood sexual abuse survivors until age 25 (7 years from age 18) or 4 years from discovery. Adult victims have 4 years from the act or 2 years from discovery.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/florida/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Fla. Stat. § 95.11(3)(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "⚠️ Shortened from 4 years to 2 years effective March 24, 2023",
      "Gov entities: 3-year notice of claim period",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Florida nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/florida/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Georgia",
   "slug": "georgia",
   "abbr": "GA",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/georgia",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "O.C.G.A. § 9-3-33",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Ante Litem notice within 12 months for counties, 6 months for municipalities",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Georgia requires ante litem notice before suing government entities — deadlines vary by entity type.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/georgia/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "O.C.G.A. § 9-3-71",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "5-year statute of repose from date of negligence",
      "Expert affidavit required at filing",
      "Foreign object rule: 1 year from discovery"
     ],
     "notes": "Georgia requires an expert affidavit at the time of filing the complaint.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/georgia/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "O.C.G.A. § 9-3-24",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/georgia/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "O.C.G.A. § 9-3-25",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Four years for oral contracts per the exception rule.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/georgia/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "O.C.G.A. § 9-3-33",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Georgia has only a 1-year window for defamation claims — act immediately.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/georgia/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "O.C.G.A. § 51-4-1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [
      "Ante litem notice required for gov entities"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/georgia/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "O.C.G.A. § 9-3-31",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Four years for damage to real or personal property.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/georgia/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "O.C.G.A. § 9-3-31",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Four years from discovery of the fraudulent act.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/georgia/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "O.C.G.A. § 9-3-33",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Ante Litem notice within 12 months for counties, 6 months for municipalities",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Georgia applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/georgia/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "O.C.G.A. § 9-3-33",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Ante Litem notice within 12 months for counties, 6 months for municipalities",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Georgia applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/georgia/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "O.C.G.A. § 9-3-33",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Ante Litem notice within 12 months for counties, 6 months for municipalities",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules",
      "10-year statute of repose from first sale (O.C.G.A. § 51-1-11(b)(2))"
     ],
     "notes": "Georgia product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale. 10-year statute of repose from first sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/georgia/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "O.C.G.A. § 9-3-33",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Ante Litem notice within 12 months for counties, 6 months for municipalities",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Georgia are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/georgia/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "O.C.G.A. § 9-3-33.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Childhood abuse: extended period — consult an attorney"
     ],
     "notes": "Georgia extended rights for childhood sexual abuse survivors in recent years. Adult survivors: 2 years. Consult an attorney for childhood abuse claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/georgia/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "O.C.G.A. § 9-3-33",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Ante Litem notice within 12 months for counties, 6 months for municipalities",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Georgia nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/georgia/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Hawaii",
   "slug": "hawaii",
   "abbr": "HI",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/hawaii",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 657-7",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 6-month notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years for personal injury in Hawaii.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/hawaii/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 657-7.3",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "6-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Expert report required within 90 days"
     ],
     "notes": "Hawaii has a generous 6-year repose cap. Pre-claim expert report required.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/hawaii/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 657-1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts in Hawaii.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/hawaii/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 657-1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Hawaii gives 6 years to file a oral contract claim under Haw. Rev. Stat. § 657-1. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/hawaii/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 657-4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for libel and slander.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/hawaii/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 663-3",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/hawaii/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 657-7",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for property damage claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/hawaii/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 657-1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Six years from discovery of the fraudulent act.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/hawaii/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 657-7",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 6-month notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Hawaii applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/hawaii/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 657-7",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 6-month notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Hawaii applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/hawaii/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 657-7",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 6-month notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Hawaii product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/hawaii/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 657-7",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 6-month notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Hawaii are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/hawaii/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 657-7",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Hawaii applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/hawaii/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 657-7",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 6-month notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Hawaii nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/hawaii/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Idaho",
   "slug": "idaho",
   "abbr": "ID",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/idaho",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Idaho Code § 5-219(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 180-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18"
     ],
     "notes": "Two-year rule for personal injury.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/idaho/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Idaho Code § 5-219(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies — runs from date of discovery",
      "Minors: tolled until age 6 if under age 6 at time of act"
     ],
     "notes": "Discovery rule applies, but courts apply a reasonable diligence standard.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/idaho/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Idaho Code § 5-216",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Five years for written contracts in Idaho.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/idaho/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Idaho Code § 5-217",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Idaho gives 4 years to file a oral contract claim under Idaho Code § 5-217. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/idaho/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Idaho Code § 5-219(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for defamation claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/idaho/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Idaho Code § 5-219(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/idaho/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Idaho Code § 5-218(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for damage to personal property.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/idaho/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Idaho Code § 5-218(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraudulent act.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/idaho/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Idaho Code § 5-219(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 180-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Idaho applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/idaho/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Idaho Code § 5-219(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 180-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Idaho applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/idaho/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Idaho Code § 5-219(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 180-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Idaho product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/idaho/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Idaho Code § 5-219(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 180-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Idaho are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/idaho/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Idaho Code § 5-219(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Idaho applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/idaho/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Idaho Code § 5-219(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 180-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Idaho nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/idaho/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Illinois",
   "slug": "illinois",
   "abbr": "IL",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/illinois",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "735 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/13-202",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: State must file within 1 year; municipalities within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years for personal injury in Illinois. Government entities have special rules.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/illinois/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "735 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/13-212",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "4-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Minors under 18: special rules apply"
     ],
     "notes": "Illinois uses a discovery rule with a 4-year repose cap. Under 8: runs until age 8.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/illinois/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "735 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/13-206",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Illinois has one of the longest written contract periods in the US at 10 years.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/illinois/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "735 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/13-205",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Five years for oral and unwritten contracts per the exception rule.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/illinois/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "735 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/13-201",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation in Illinois — act immediately.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/illinois/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "740 Ill. Comp. Stat. 180/2",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/illinois/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "735 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/13-205",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Five years for property damage claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/illinois/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "735 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/13-205",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Five years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/illinois/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "735 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/13-202",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: State must file within 1 year; municipalities within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Illinois applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/illinois/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "735 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/13-202",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: State must file within 1 year; municipalities within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Illinois applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/illinois/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "735 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/13-202",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: State must file within 1 year; municipalities within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Illinois product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/illinois/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "735 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/13-202",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: State must file within 1 year; municipalities within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Illinois are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/illinois/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "735 ILCS 5/13-202.2",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery; no SOL for childhood abuse from institutions since 2014",
     "exceptions": [
      "No SOL for child sexual abuse claims (2019 amendment)",
      "Adult survivors: 10 years from discovery"
     ],
     "notes": "Illinois eliminated the statute of limitations for childhood sexual abuse claims in 2019. Adult survivors have 10 years from discovery.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/illinois/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "735 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/13-202",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: State must file within 1 year; municipalities within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Illinois nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/illinois/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Indiana",
   "slug": "indiana",
   "abbr": "IN",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/indiana",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ind. Code § 34-11-2-4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of tort claim within 270 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years for personal injury in Indiana. Government tort claims have specific notice requirements.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/indiana/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ind. Code § 34-18-7-1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or occurrence",
     "exceptions": [
      "Must file with Indiana Department of Insurance before suing",
      "Medical review panel required before trial"
     ],
     "notes": "Indiana uniquely requires filing with the Department of Insurance and a medical review panel process before trial.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/indiana/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "Ind. Code § 34-11-2-11",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Ten years for written contracts — one of the longest periods in the US.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/indiana/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Ind. Code § 34-11-2-7",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for oral contracts per the exception rule.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/indiana/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ind. Code § 34-11-2-4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for defamation claims in Indiana.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/indiana/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ind. Code § 34-23-1-1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/indiana/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ind. Code § 34-11-2-4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/indiana/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Ind. Code § 34-11-2-7",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Six years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/indiana/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ind. Code § 34-11-2-4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of tort claim within 270 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Indiana applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/indiana/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ind. Code § 34-11-2-4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of tort claim within 270 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Indiana applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/indiana/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ind. Code § 34-11-2-4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of tort claim within 270 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules",
      "10-year statute of repose from delivery (IC § 34-20-3-1)"
     ],
     "notes": "Indiana product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale. 10-year statute of repose from delivery.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/indiana/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ind. Code § 34-11-2-4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of tort claim within 270 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Indiana are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/indiana/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ind. Code § 34-11-2-4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Indiana applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/indiana/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ind. Code § 34-11-2-4",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of tort claim within 270 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Indiana nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/indiana/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Iowa",
   "slug": "iowa",
   "abbr": "IA",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/iowa",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Iowa Code § 614.1(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 60-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18"
     ],
     "notes": "Two-year rule for personal injury claims in Iowa.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/iowa/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Iowa Code § 614.1(9)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "6-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Expert affidavit required within 60 days of filing"
     ],
     "notes": "Iowa has a 6-year repose cap and requires expert certification at the outset.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/iowa/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "Iowa Code § 614.1(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Ten years for written contracts in Iowa.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/iowa/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Iowa Code § 614.1(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Iowa gives 5 years to file a oral contract claim under Iowa Code § 614.1(4). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/iowa/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Iowa Code § 614.1(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for libel and slander.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/iowa/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Iowa Code § 614.1(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/iowa/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Iowa Code § 614.1(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Five years for property damage claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/iowa/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Iowa Code § 614.1(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Five years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/iowa/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Iowa Code § 614.1(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 60-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Iowa applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/iowa/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Iowa Code § 614.1(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 60-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Iowa applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/iowa/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Iowa Code § 614.1(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 60-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Iowa product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/iowa/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Iowa Code § 614.1(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 60-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Iowa are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/iowa/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Iowa Code § 614.1(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Iowa applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/iowa/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Iowa Code § 614.1(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 60-day notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Iowa nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/iowa/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Kansas",
   "slug": "kansas",
   "abbr": "KS",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kansas",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-513(a)(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18"
     ],
     "notes": "Kansas uses a discovery rule — 2 years from when injury was discovered or should have been.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kansas/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-513(a)(7)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "4-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Expert affidavit required within 90 days"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from discovery with a 4-year absolute repose cap.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kansas/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-511(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Five years for written contracts in Kansas.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kansas/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-512(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for oral and implied contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kansas/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-514(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation — act immediately.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kansas/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-1902",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kansas/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-513(a)(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for damage to personal property.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kansas/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-513(a)(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kansas/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-513(a)(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Kansas applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kansas/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-513(a)(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Kansas applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kansas/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-513(a)(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Kansas product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kansas/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-513(a)(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Kansas are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kansas/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-513(a)(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Kansas applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kansas/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-513(a)(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Kansas nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kansas/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Kentucky",
   "slug": "kentucky",
   "abbr": "KY",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kentucky",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 413.140(1)(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year"
     ],
     "notes": "Kentucky has one of the shortest personal injury periods in the US — only 1 year. Do not delay.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kentucky/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 413.140(1)(e)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "5-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for medical malpractice. Five-year repose cap.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kentucky/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 413.090(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Kentucky gives 10 years to file a written contract claim under Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 413.090(2). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kentucky/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 413.120(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Five years for oral contracts per the exception rule.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kentucky/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 413.140(1)(d)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation in Kentucky.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kentucky/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 413.140(1)(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year from date of death for wrongful death claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kentucky/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 413.120(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Five years for property damage claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kentucky/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 413.120(12)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Five years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kentucky/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 413.140(1)(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Kentucky applies the 1-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kentucky/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 413.140(1)(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Kentucky applies the 1-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kentucky/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 413.140(1)(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Kentucky product liability claims follow the 1-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kentucky/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 413.140(1)(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Kentucky are subject to the 1-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kentucky/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 413.140(1)(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Kentucky applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kentucky/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 413.140(1)(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Kentucky nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 1-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/kentucky/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Louisiana",
   "slug": "louisiana",
   "abbr": "LA",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/louisiana",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 3493.10",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "⚠️ Extended from 1 year to 2 years effective July 1, 2024",
      "Gov entities: 90-day notice required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Applies to torts occurring on or after July 1, 2024 (Act 423); earlier torts: 1 year"
     ],
     "notes": "Louisiana gives 2 years to file a personal injury claim under La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 3493.10. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/louisiana/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "La. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 9:5628",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "3-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Medical review panel required before filing lawsuit"
     ],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for medical malpractice. Louisiana requires a medical review panel before filing.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/louisiana/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 3499",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Ten years for written contracts under Louisiana civil law.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/louisiana/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 3499",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Louisiana gives 10 years to file a oral contract claim under La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 3499. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/louisiana/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 3492",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "One year for defamation under Louisiana's general delictual action prescription period.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/louisiana/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 2315.2",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Louisiana gives 2 years to file a wrongful death claim under La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 2315.2. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/louisiana/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 3492",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for property damage under Louisiana's delictual action prescription.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/louisiana/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 3497",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/louisiana/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 3493.10",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "⚠️ Extended from 1 year to 2 years effective July 1, 2024",
      "Gov entities: 90-day notice required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Applies to torts occurring on or after July 1, 2024 (Act 423); earlier torts: 1 year",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Louisiana applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/louisiana/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 3493.10",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "⚠️ Extended from 1 year to 2 years effective July 1, 2024",
      "Gov entities: 90-day notice required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Applies to torts occurring on or after July 1, 2024 (Act 423); earlier torts: 1 year",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Louisiana applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/louisiana/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 3493.10",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "⚠️ Extended from 1 year to 2 years effective July 1, 2024",
      "Gov entities: 90-day notice required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Applies to torts occurring on or after July 1, 2024 (Act 423); earlier torts: 1 year",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Louisiana product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/louisiana/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 3493.10",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "⚠️ Extended from 1 year to 2 years effective July 1, 2024",
      "Gov entities: 90-day notice required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Applies to torts occurring on or after July 1, 2024 (Act 423); earlier torts: 1 year",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Louisiana are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/louisiana/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 3493.10",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Louisiana applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/louisiana/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "La. Civ. Code Ann. art. 3493.10",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "⚠️ Extended from 1 year to 2 years effective July 1, 2024",
      "Gov entities: 90-day notice required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Applies to torts occurring on or after July 1, 2024 (Act 423); earlier torts: 1 year",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Louisiana nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/louisiana/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Maine",
   "slug": "maine",
   "abbr": "ME",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maine",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 14, § 752",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18"
     ],
     "notes": "Maine has one of the longest personal injury periods in the US at 6 years.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maine/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 24, § 2902",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies with a 3-year limit",
      "Pre-litigation screening panel required"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery. Maine requires a pre-litigation screening panel before filing.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maine/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 14, § 752",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maine/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 14, § 752",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Maine gives 6 years to file a oral contract claim under Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 14, § 752. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maine/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 14, § 753",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for defamation claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maine/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 18-C, § 2-807",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maine/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 14, § 752",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for property damage claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maine/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 14, § 752",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Six years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maine/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 14, § 752",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Maine applies the 6-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maine/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 14, § 752",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Maine applies the 6-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maine/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 14, § 752",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Maine product liability claims follow the 6-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maine/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 14, § 752",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Maine are subject to the 6-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maine/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 14, § 752",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Maine applies a 6-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maine/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 14, § 752",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Maine nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 6-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maine/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Maryland",
   "slug": "maryland",
   "abbr": "MD",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maryland",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18"
     ],
     "notes": "Maryland gives 3 years for personal injury claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maryland/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-109",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery (whichever is earlier)",
     "exceptions": [
      "5-year repose from date of act, OR 3 years from discovery, whichever is shorter",
      "Expert certificate required at filing"
     ],
     "notes": "Maryland uses a complex 'shorter of' rule — either 5 years from act or 3 years from discovery. Expert certificate required.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maryland/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Maryland has a short 3-year written contract period.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maryland/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Maryland gives 3 years to file a oral contract claim under Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-101. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maryland/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-105",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation in Maryland.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maryland/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 3-904",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maryland/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for property damage claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maryland/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maryland/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Maryland applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maryland/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Maryland applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maryland/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Maryland product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maryland/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Maryland are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maryland/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Maryland applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maryland/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-101",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Maryland nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/maryland/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Massachusetts",
   "slug": "massachusetts",
   "abbr": "MA",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/massachusetts",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 260, § 2A",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Present claim to government within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years for personal injury in Massachusetts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/massachusetts/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 260, § 4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "7-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Minor standard: if under 6, tolled until age 9",
      "Expert certificate required within 15 days of filing"
     ],
     "notes": "Massachusetts requires a certificate of merit from a qualified expert within 15 days of filing.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/massachusetts/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 260, § 2",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/massachusetts/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 260, § 2",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for oral contracts per the exception rule.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/massachusetts/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 260, § 4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years — more generous than most states for defamation.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/massachusetts/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 229, § 2",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/massachusetts/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 260, § 2A",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/massachusetts/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 260, § 2",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Six years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/massachusetts/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 260, § 2A",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Present claim to government within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Massachusetts applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/massachusetts/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 260, § 2A",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Present claim to government within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Massachusetts applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/massachusetts/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 260, § 2A",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Present claim to government within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Massachusetts product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/massachusetts/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 260, § 2A",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Present claim to government within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Massachusetts are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/massachusetts/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "M.G.L. c. 260 § 4C",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery of causal connection",
     "exceptions": [
      "Minority tolling extends period for childhood abuse",
      "Discovery rule for repressed memory"
     ],
     "notes": "Massachusetts applies the discovery rule broadly for sexual assault claims. 3 years from the date of discovery of the causal connection between the assault and the harm.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/massachusetts/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 260, § 2A",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Present claim to government within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Massachusetts nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/massachusetts/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Michigan",
   "slug": "michigan",
   "abbr": "MI",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/michigan",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5805(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 60-day notice required, then 1 year to file",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years for personal injury. Government entities require 60-day notice first.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/michigan/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5838a",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "6-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Affidavit of merit required at filing"
     ],
     "notes": "Michigan requires an affidavit of merit from a qualified medical professional at filing.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/michigan/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5807(8)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts in Michigan.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/michigan/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5807(7)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Michigan gives 6 years to file a oral contract claim under Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5807(7). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/michigan/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5805(9)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation in Michigan — act immediately.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/michigan/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5805(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/michigan/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5805(9)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/michigan/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5813",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Six years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/michigan/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5805(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 60-day notice required, then 1 year to file",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Michigan applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/michigan/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5805(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 60-day notice required, then 1 year to file",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Michigan applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/michigan/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5805(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 60-day notice required, then 1 year to file",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Michigan product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/michigan/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5805(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 60-day notice required, then 1 year to file",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Michigan are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/michigan/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "MCL 600.5805(12)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "No SOL for criminal sexual conduct of a minor (MCL 600.5851b)",
      "Adult survivors: 10 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Michigan allows 10 years from the assault for most adult claims. The SOL for childhood sexual abuse has been eliminated in cases involving minors.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/michigan/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5805(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 60-day notice required, then 1 year to file",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Michigan nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/michigan/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Minnesota",
   "slug": "minnesota",
   "abbr": "MN",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/minnesota",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Minn. Stat. § 541.07(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Intentional torts (assault, battery, false imprisonment): 2 years (Minn. Stat. § 541.07)"
     ],
     "notes": "Minnesota gives 6 years to file a personal injury claim under Minn. Stat. § 541.07(1). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/minnesota/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Minn. Stat. § 541.076",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "⚠️ Shortened from 4 years to 2 years effective August 1, 2025",
      "4-year statute of repose from date of act"
     ],
     "notes": "Minnesota gives 4 years to file a medical malpractice claim under Minn. Stat. § 541.076. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/minnesota/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Minn. Stat. § 541.05(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/minnesota/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Minn. Stat. § 541.05(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Minnesota gives 6 years to file a oral contract claim under Minn. Stat. § 541.05(1). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/minnesota/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Minn. Stat. § 541.07(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for defamation claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/minnesota/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Minn. Stat. § 573.02(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/minnesota/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Minn. Stat. § 541.05(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for property damage claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/minnesota/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Minn. Stat. § 541.05(6)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Six years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/minnesota/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Minn. Stat. § 541.07(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Intentional torts (assault, battery, false imprisonment): 2 years (Minn. Stat. § 541.07)",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Minnesota applies the 6-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/minnesota/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Minn. Stat. § 541.07(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Intentional torts (assault, battery, false imprisonment): 2 years (Minn. Stat. § 541.07)",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Minnesota applies the 6-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/minnesota/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Minn. Stat. § 541.07(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Intentional torts (assault, battery, false imprisonment): 2 years (Minn. Stat. § 541.07)",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Minnesota gives 4 years to file a product liability claim under Minn. Stat. § 541.07(1). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above. The discovery rule typically applies to latent defects; check any statute of repose measured from sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/minnesota/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Minn. Stat. § 541.07(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Intentional torts (assault, battery, false imprisonment): 2 years (Minn. Stat. § 541.07)",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Minnesota applies a 2-year period to intentional torts such as assault and battery (Minn. Stat. § 541.07), shorter than its 6-year period for negligence-based injury claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/minnesota/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Minn. Stat. § 541.073",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "No SOL for childhood sexual abuse (2023 amendment)",
      "Adult survivors: 6 years from discovery"
     ],
     "notes": "Minnesota eliminated the civil SOL for childhood sexual abuse in 2023. Adult sexual assault claims: 6 years from discovery.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/minnesota/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Minn. Stat. § 541.07(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Intentional torts (assault, battery, false imprisonment): 2 years (Minn. Stat. § 541.07)",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Minnesota nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 6-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/minnesota/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Mississippi",
   "slug": "mississippi",
   "abbr": "MS",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/mississippi",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-49",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21, then 3 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years for personal injury in Mississippi. Minors are tolled until age 21.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/mississippi/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-36",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "7-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Expert certificate required within 30 days"
     ],
     "notes": "Mississippi has a 7-year repose cap — one of the longer ones. Expert certification required.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/mississippi/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-29",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 3 years for written contracts — shorter than most states.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/mississippi/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-29",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Mississippi gives 3 years to file a oral contract claim under Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-29. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/mississippi/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-35",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation in Mississippi.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/mississippi/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 11-7-13",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/mississippi/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-49",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/mississippi/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-49",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/mississippi/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-49",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21, then 3 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Mississippi applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/mississippi/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-49",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21, then 3 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Mississippi applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/mississippi/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-49",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Mississippi product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/mississippi/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-49",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21, then 3 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Mississippi are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/mississippi/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-49",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Mississippi applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/mississippi/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-49",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Mississippi nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/mississippi/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Missouri",
   "slug": "missouri",
   "abbr": "MO",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/missouri",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.120(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 90-day notice required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21"
     ],
     "notes": "Missouri gives a generous 5 years for personal injury claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/missouri/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.105",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "⚠️ Shortened from 5 years to 2 years effective August 28, 2025",
      "10-year statute of repose from date of act"
     ],
     "notes": "IMPORTANT: Missouri shortened its medical malpractice period from 5 to 2 years effective August 28, 2025.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/missouri/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.110(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Ten years for written contracts in Missouri.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/missouri/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.120(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Missouri gives 5 years to file a oral contract claim under Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.120(1). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/missouri/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.140",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for defamation in Missouri.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/missouri/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mo. Rev. Stat. § 537.100",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/missouri/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.120(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Five years for property damage claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/missouri/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.120(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Five years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/missouri/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.120(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 90-day notice required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Missouri applies the 5-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/missouri/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.120(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 90-day notice required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Missouri applies the 5-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/missouri/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.120(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 90-day notice required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Missouri product liability claims follow the 5-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/missouri/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.120(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 90-day notice required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Missouri are subject to the 5-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/missouri/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.120(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Missouri applies a 5-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/missouri/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.120(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 90-day notice required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Missouri nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 5-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/missouri/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Montana",
   "slug": "montana",
   "abbr": "MT",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/montana",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-204",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years for personal injury in Montana.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/montana/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-205",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "5-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Pre-litigation review panel required"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery with a 5-year repose cap.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/montana/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 8,
     "statute": "Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-202(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Eight years for written contracts in Montana.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/montana/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-202(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Montana gives 5 years to file a oral contract claim under Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-202(2). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/montana/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-204(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for defamation claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/montana/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-204",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/montana/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-207",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for property damage claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/montana/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-203",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/montana/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-204",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Montana applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/montana/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-204",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Montana applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/montana/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-204",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Montana product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/montana/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-204",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Montana are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/montana/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-204",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Montana applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/montana/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-204",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Montana nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/montana/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Nebraska",
   "slug": "nebraska",
   "abbr": "NE",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nebraska",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-207",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: State Tort Claims Act — notice within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21"
     ],
     "notes": "Nebraska gives 4 years for personal injury — more generous than most states.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nebraska/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 44-2828",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "10-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Pre-filing certificate of merit required"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from discovery with a 10-year repose cap.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nebraska/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-205",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Five years for written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nebraska/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-206",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Nebraska gives 4 years to file a oral contract claim under Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-206. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nebraska/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-208",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation in Nebraska.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nebraska/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 30-810",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nebraska/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-207",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Four years for property damage claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nebraska/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-207",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Four years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nebraska/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-207",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: State Tort Claims Act — notice within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Nebraska applies the 4-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nebraska/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-207",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: State Tort Claims Act — notice within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Nebraska applies the 4-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nebraska/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-207",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: State Tort Claims Act — notice within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Nebraska product liability claims follow the 4-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nebraska/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-207",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: State Tort Claims Act — notice within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Nebraska are subject to the 4-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nebraska/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-207",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Nebraska applies a 4-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nebraska/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-207",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: State Tort Claims Act — notice within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 21",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Nebraska nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 4-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nebraska/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Nevada",
   "slug": "nevada",
   "abbr": "NV",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nevada",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Nev. Rev. Stat. § 11.190(4)(e)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years for personal injury in Nevada.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nevada/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Nev. Rev. Stat. § 41A.097(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "3-year statute of repose from date of injury",
      "Affidavit of merit required within 90 days"
     ],
     "notes": "Nevada has a 3-year malpractice period with matching repose cap.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nevada/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Nev. Rev. Stat. § 11.190(1)(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nevada/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Nev. Rev. Stat. § 11.190(2)(c)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Four years for oral contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nevada/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Nev. Rev. Stat. § 11.190(4)(c)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for defamation in Nevada.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nevada/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Nev. Rev. Stat. § 11.190(4)(e)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nevada/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Nev. Rev. Stat. § 11.190(3)(c)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nevada/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Nev. Rev. Stat. § 11.190(3)(d)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nevada/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Nev. Rev. Stat. § 11.190(4)(e)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Nevada applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nevada/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Nev. Rev. Stat. § 11.190(4)(e)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Nevada applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nevada/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Nev. Rev. Stat. § 11.190(4)(e)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Nevada product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nevada/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Nev. Rev. Stat. § 11.190(4)(e)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Nevada are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nevada/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Nev. Rev. Stat. § 11.190(4)(e)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Nevada applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nevada/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Nev. Rev. Stat. § 11.190(4)(e)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 2 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Nevada nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/nevada/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "New Hampshire",
   "slug": "new-hampshire",
   "abbr": "NH",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-hampshire",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 508:4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years for personal injury in New Hampshire.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-hampshire/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 507-C:4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "No absolute repose cap in New Hampshire"
     ],
     "notes": "New Hampshire has no statute of repose for medical malpractice — discovery rule applies indefinitely.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-hampshire/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 508:4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for written contracts — shorter than most states.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-hampshire/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 508:4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "New Hampshire gives 3 years to file a oral contract claim under N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 508:4. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-hampshire/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 508:4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for defamation — more generous than most states.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-hampshire/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 556:11",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-hampshire/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 508:4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-hampshire/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 508:4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-hampshire/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 508:4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "New Hampshire applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-hampshire/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 508:4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "New Hampshire applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-hampshire/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 508:4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "New Hampshire product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-hampshire/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 508:4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in New Hampshire are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-hampshire/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 508:4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "New Hampshire applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-hampshire/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 508:4",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "New Hampshire nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-hampshire/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "New Jersey",
   "slug": "new-jersey",
   "abbr": "NJ",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-jersey",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:14-2",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 90 days under NJ Tort Claims Act",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years for personal injury. Government entities require 90-day notice before filing.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-jersey/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:14-2",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Affidavit of Merit required within 60 days of filing",
      "Minors: tolled until age 13"
     ],
     "notes": "New Jersey requires an Affidavit of Merit from a qualified expert within 60 days of filing.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-jersey/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:14-1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-jersey/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:14-1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "New Jersey gives 6 years to file a oral contract claim under N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:14-1. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-jersey/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:14-3",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation in New Jersey — act immediately.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-jersey/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:31-3",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-jersey/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:14-1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-jersey/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:14-1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Six years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-jersey/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:14-2",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 90 days under NJ Tort Claims Act",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "New Jersey applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-jersey/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:14-2",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 90 days under NJ Tort Claims Act",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "New Jersey applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-jersey/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:14-2",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 90 days under NJ Tort Claims Act",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "New Jersey product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-jersey/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:14-2",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 90 days under NJ Tort Claims Act",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in New Jersey are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-jersey/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 7,
     "statute": "N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:61B-1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "No SOL for childhood sexual abuse (SOL eliminated 2019)",
      "Adult survivors: 7 years from discovery"
     ],
     "notes": "New Jersey eliminated the statute of limitations for childhood sexual abuse in 2019. Adult survivors have 7 years from the date of discovery.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-jersey/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:14-2",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 90 days under NJ Tort Claims Act",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "New Jersey nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-jersey/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "New Mexico",
   "slug": "new-mexico",
   "abbr": "NM",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-mexico",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.M. Stat. Ann. § 37-1-8",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 90 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years for personal injury in New Mexico.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-mexico/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.M. Stat. Ann. § 41-5-13",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Medical review panel required before suing",
      "6-year statute of repose from date of act"
     ],
     "notes": "New Mexico requires a medical review panel prior to filing a malpractice suit.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-mexico/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.M. Stat. Ann. § 37-1-3",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-mexico/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "N.M. Stat. Ann. § 37-1-4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Four years for oral contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-mexico/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.M. Stat. Ann. § 37-1-8",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for defamation — more generous than most states.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-mexico/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.M. Stat. Ann. § 41-2-2",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-mexico/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "N.M. Stat. Ann. § 37-1-4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Four years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-mexico/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "N.M. Stat. Ann. § 37-1-4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Four years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-mexico/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.M. Stat. Ann. § 37-1-8",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 90 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "New Mexico applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-mexico/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.M. Stat. Ann. § 37-1-8",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 90 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "New Mexico applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-mexico/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.M. Stat. Ann. § 37-1-8",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 90 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "New Mexico product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-mexico/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.M. Stat. Ann. § 37-1-8",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 90 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in New Mexico are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-mexico/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.M. Stat. Ann. § 37-1-8",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "New Mexico applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-mexico/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.M. Stat. Ann. § 37-1-8",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 90 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "New Mexico nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-mexico/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "New York",
   "slug": "new-york",
   "abbr": "NY",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-york",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 214(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 90 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "MVA: 2A must be filed; Notice of claim 90 days"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years for personal injury in New York. Government claims require 90-day Notice of Claim.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-york/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2.5,
     "statute": "N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 214-a",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or 2.5 years from omission",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for foreign objects: 1 year from discovery",
      "Continuous treatment doctrine may toll the period",
      "Minors under 18: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Continuous-treatment doctrine can extend the start date (CPLR § 214-a)"
     ],
     "notes": "New York gives 2.5 years to file a medical malpractice claim under N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 214-a. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-york/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 213(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts in New York.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-york/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 213(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for oral contracts per the exception rule.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-york/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 215(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [
      "Single publication rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation in New York. Single publication rule limits repeated claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-york/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "N.Y. E.P.T.L. § 5-4.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [
      "Notice of Claim required within 90 days for gov entities"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-york/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 214(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-york/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 213(8)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery (2 years from discovery, or 6 years from fraud, whichever is longer)",
     "exceptions": [
      "Special rule: claim accrues on the later of 6 years from fraud OR 2 years from discovery"
     ],
     "notes": "New York uses a complex 'longer of' rule for fraud — 6 years from the fraudulent act OR 2 years from discovery, whichever gives plaintiff MORE time.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-york/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 214(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 90 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "MVA: 2A must be filed; Notice of claim 90 days",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "New York applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-york/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 214(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 90 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "MVA: 2A must be filed; Notice of claim 90 days",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "New York applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-york/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 214(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 90 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "MVA: 2A must be filed; Notice of claim 90 days",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "New York product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-york/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 214(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 90 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "MVA: 2A must be filed; Notice of claim 90 days",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in New York are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-york/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 20,
     "statute": "N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 214-j (CAVS Act)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of last act (adult); age 55 for childhood abuse (CVA)",
     "exceptions": [
      "CVA: claims filed by survivors who were under 18 at time of abuse may be brought until age 55",
      "Adult CAVS claims: 20 years from act or 3 years from discovery"
     ],
     "notes": "New York enacted some of the strongest survivor protections in the nation. The Child Victims Act (CVA) extended the window to age 55 for childhood abuse; the CAVS Act (2022) gives adult survivors 20 years.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-york/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 214(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 90 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "MVA: 2A must be filed; Notice of claim 90 days",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "New York nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/new-york/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "North Carolina",
   "slug": "north-carolina",
   "abbr": "NC",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-carolina",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-52(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years for personal injury in North Carolina.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-carolina/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-15(c)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of last act of defendant or 1 year from discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "4-year statute of repose from date of last act",
      "Expert certification required at filing"
     ],
     "notes": "North Carolina uses 'last act' doctrine. Expert certification required at filing.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-carolina/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-52(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 3 years for written contracts in NC — shorter than most states.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-carolina/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-52(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "North Carolina gives 3 years to file a oral contract claim under N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-52(1). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-carolina/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-54(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation — act immediately.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-carolina/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-53(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-carolina/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-52(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-carolina/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-52(9)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-carolina/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-52(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "North Carolina applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-carolina/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-52(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "North Carolina applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-carolina/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-52(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules",
      "12-year statute of repose from date of purchase (N.C.G.S. § 1-50(a)(6))"
     ],
     "notes": "North Carolina product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale. 12-year statute of repose from date of purchase.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-carolina/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-52(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in North Carolina are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-carolina/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-52(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "North Carolina applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-carolina/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-52(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: written notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "North Carolina nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-carolina/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "North Dakota",
   "slug": "north-dakota",
   "abbr": "ND",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-dakota",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.D. Cent. Code § 28-01-16(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 3 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 6 years"
     ],
     "notes": "North Dakota has one of the longest personal injury periods in the US at 6 years.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-dakota/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "N.D. Cent. Code § 28-01-18(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "6-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Expert report required at filing"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from discovery with a 6-year repose cap.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-dakota/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.D. Cent. Code § 28-01-16(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-dakota/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.D. Cent. Code § 28-01-16(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "North Dakota gives 6 years to file a oral contract claim under N.D. Cent. Code § 28-01-16(2). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-dakota/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "N.D. Cent. Code § 28-01-18(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for defamation claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-dakota/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "N.D. Cent. Code § 32-21-02",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-dakota/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.D. Cent. Code § 28-01-16(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for property damage claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-dakota/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.D. Cent. Code § 28-01-16(6)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Six years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-dakota/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.D. Cent. Code § 28-01-16(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 3 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 6 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "North Dakota applies the 6-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-dakota/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.D. Cent. Code § 28-01-16(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 3 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 6 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "North Dakota applies the 6-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-dakota/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.D. Cent. Code § 28-01-16(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 3 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 6 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules",
      "10-year statute of repose from sale or delivery"
     ],
     "notes": "North Dakota product liability claims follow the 6-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale. 10-year statute of repose from sale or delivery.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-dakota/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.D. Cent. Code § 28-01-16(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 3 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 6 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in North Dakota are subject to the 6-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-dakota/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.D. Cent. Code § 28-01-16(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "North Dakota applies a 6-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-dakota/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "N.D. Cent. Code § 28-01-16(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 3 years",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 6 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "North Dakota nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 6-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/north-dakota/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Ohio",
   "slug": "ohio",
   "abbr": "OH",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/ohio",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.10",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 180 days for political subdivisions",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years for personal injury in Ohio.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/ohio/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.113",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "4-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Expert affidavit required within 60 days of filing",
      "180-day discovery extension possible"
     ],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for medical malpractice in Ohio — one of the shortest in the US. Expert affidavit required.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/ohio/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.06",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Ohio gives 6 years to file a written contract claim under Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.06. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/ohio/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.07",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Ohio gives 4 years to file a oral contract claim under Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.07. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/ohio/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.11(A)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation — act immediately.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/ohio/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ohio Rev. Code § 2125.02",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/ohio/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.09(B)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Four years for property damage in Ohio.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/ohio/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.09(C)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Four years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/ohio/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.10",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 180 days for political subdivisions",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Ohio applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/ohio/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.10",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 180 days for political subdivisions",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Ohio applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/ohio/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.10",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 180 days for political subdivisions",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules",
      "10-year statute of repose from delivery (ORC § 2305.10(C))"
     ],
     "notes": "Ohio product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale. 10-year statute of repose from delivery.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/ohio/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.10",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 180 days for political subdivisions",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Ohio are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/ohio/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 12,
     "statute": "ORC § 2305.111",
     "clockStarts": "Age 18 plus 12 years for childhood; 2 years from act for adults",
     "exceptions": [
      "Childhood abuse: 12 years from age 18",
      "Adult: 2 years from act"
     ],
     "notes": "Ohio gives childhood sexual abuse survivors until age 30 (12 years from 18th birthday). Adult survivors have 2 years from the date of the assault.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/ohio/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.10",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 180 days for political subdivisions",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Ohio nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/ohio/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Oklahoma",
   "slug": "oklahoma",
   "abbr": "OK",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oklahoma",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Okla. Stat. tit. 12, § 95(A)(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years for personal injury in Oklahoma.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oklahoma/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Okla. Stat. tit. 76, § 18",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "7-year statute of repose from date of act"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from act or discovery with a 7-year repose cap.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oklahoma/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Okla. Stat. tit. 12, § 95(A)(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Five years for written contracts in Oklahoma.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oklahoma/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Okla. Stat. tit. 12, § 95(A)(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for oral contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oklahoma/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Okla. Stat. tit. 12, § 95(A)(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation — act immediately.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oklahoma/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Okla. Stat. tit. 12, § 1053",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oklahoma/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Okla. Stat. tit. 12, § 95(A)(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oklahoma/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Okla. Stat. tit. 12, § 95(A)(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oklahoma/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Okla. Stat. tit. 12, § 95(A)(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Oklahoma applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oklahoma/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Okla. Stat. tit. 12, § 95(A)(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Oklahoma applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oklahoma/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Okla. Stat. tit. 12, § 95(A)(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Oklahoma product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oklahoma/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Okla. Stat. tit. 12, § 95(A)(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Oklahoma are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oklahoma/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Okla. Stat. tit. 12, § 95(A)(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Oklahoma applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oklahoma/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Okla. Stat. tit. 12, § 95(A)(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Oklahoma nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oklahoma/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Oregon",
   "slug": "oregon",
   "abbr": "OR",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oregon",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Or. Rev. Stat. § 12.110(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Tort Claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years for personal injury in Oregon. Discovery rule may apply.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oregon/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Or. Rev. Stat. § 12.110(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "5-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Expert affidavit may be required"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from discovery with a 5-year repose cap.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oregon/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Or. Rev. Stat. § 12.080(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oregon/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Or. Rev. Stat. § 12.080(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Oregon gives 6 years to file a oral contract claim under Or. Rev. Stat. § 12.080(3). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oregon/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Or. Rev. Stat. § 12.120(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation in Oregon.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oregon/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Or. Rev. Stat. § 30.020",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oregon/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Or. Rev. Stat. § 12.080(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oregon/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Or. Rev. Stat. § 12.080(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Six years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oregon/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Or. Rev. Stat. § 12.110(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Tort Claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Oregon applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oregon/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Or. Rev. Stat. § 12.110(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Tort Claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Oregon applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oregon/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Or. Rev. Stat. § 12.110(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Tort Claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Oregon product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oregon/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Or. Rev. Stat. § 12.110(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Tort Claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Oregon are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oregon/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "ORS 12.117",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery; no SOL for childhood",
     "exceptions": [
      "No SOL for childhood sexual abuse (Oregon law)",
      "Adult survivors: 3 years from discovery"
     ],
     "notes": "Oregon has eliminated the statute of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Adult survivors have 3 years from discovery.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oregon/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Or. Rev. Stat. § 12.110(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Tort Claim within 180 days",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Oregon nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/oregon/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Pennsylvania",
   "slug": "pennsylvania",
   "abbr": "PA",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/pennsylvania",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 6-month notice required for most claims",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years for personal injury in Pennsylvania.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/pennsylvania/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "7-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Certificate of Merit required within 60 days of filing"
     ],
     "notes": "Pennsylvania requires a Certificate of Merit from a licensed professional within 60 days of filing.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/pennsylvania/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5525(8)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Four years for written contracts in Pennsylvania.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/pennsylvania/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5525(8)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Pennsylvania gives 4 years to file a oral contract claim under 42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5525(8). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/pennsylvania/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5523(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation — act immediately.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/pennsylvania/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/pennsylvania/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/pennsylvania/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5525(8)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Four years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/pennsylvania/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 6-month notice required for most claims",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Pennsylvania applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/pennsylvania/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 6-month notice required for most claims",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Pennsylvania applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/pennsylvania/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 6-month notice required for most claims",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Pennsylvania product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/pennsylvania/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 6-month notice required for most claims",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Pennsylvania are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/pennsylvania/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "42 Pa. C.S. § 5533",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "No SOL for childhood sexual abuse (SOVS Act 2019; window claims deadline passed Nov 2023)",
      "Adult survivors: 2 years from discovery"
     ],
     "notes": "Pennsylvania eliminated the SOL for childhood sexual abuse under the SOVS Act (2019). The 2-year discovery-based window for past claims expired Nov 2023. Adult claims: 2 years.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/pennsylvania/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: 6-month notice required for most claims",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Pennsylvania nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/pennsylvania/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Rhode Island",
   "slug": "rhode-island",
   "abbr": "RI",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/rhode-island",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 9-1-14(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Presentment within 3 years with additional procedures",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years for personal injury in Rhode Island.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/rhode-island/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 9-1-14.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "7-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Expert certification required"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery with a 7-year repose cap.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/rhode-island/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 9-1-13(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Rhode Island gives 10 years to file a written contract claim under R.I. Gen. Laws § 9-1-13(a). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/rhode-island/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 9-1-13(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Rhode Island gives 10 years to file a oral contract claim under R.I. Gen. Laws § 9-1-13(b). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/rhode-island/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 9-1-14(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for defamation — more generous than most states.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/rhode-island/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 10-7-2",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/rhode-island/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 9-1-13(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Ten years for property damage — one of the longest in the US.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/rhode-island/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 9-1-13(a)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Ten years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/rhode-island/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 9-1-14(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Presentment within 3 years with additional procedures",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Rhode Island applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/rhode-island/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 9-1-14(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Presentment within 3 years with additional procedures",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Rhode Island applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/rhode-island/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 9-1-14(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Presentment within 3 years with additional procedures",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Rhode Island product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/rhode-island/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 9-1-14(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Presentment within 3 years with additional procedures",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Rhode Island are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/rhode-island/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 9-1-14(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Rhode Island applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/rhode-island/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 9-1-14(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Presentment within 3 years with additional procedures",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Rhode Island nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/rhode-island/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "South Carolina",
   "slug": "south-carolina",
   "abbr": "SC",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-carolina",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.C. Code Ann. § 15-3-530(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 1 year under the SCTCA",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years for personal injury in South Carolina.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-carolina/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.C. Code Ann. § 15-3-545",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "6-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Expert affidavit required at filing"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery with a 6-year repose cap. Expert affidavit required.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-carolina/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.C. Code Ann. § 15-3-530(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 3 years for written contracts in South Carolina.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-carolina/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.C. Code Ann. § 15-3-530(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "South Carolina gives 3 years to file a oral contract claim under S.C. Code Ann. § 15-3-530(1). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-carolina/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "S.C. Code Ann. § 15-3-550",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for defamation claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-carolina/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.C. Code Ann. § 15-51-40",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-carolina/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.C. Code Ann. § 15-3-530(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-carolina/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.C. Code Ann. § 15-3-530(7)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-carolina/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.C. Code Ann. § 15-3-530(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 1 year under the SCTCA",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "South Carolina applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-carolina/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.C. Code Ann. § 15-3-530(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 1 year under the SCTCA",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "South Carolina applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-carolina/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.C. Code Ann. § 15-3-530(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 1 year under the SCTCA",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "South Carolina product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-carolina/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.C. Code Ann. § 15-3-530(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 1 year under the SCTCA",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in South Carolina are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-carolina/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.C. Code Ann. § 15-3-530(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "South Carolina applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-carolina/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.C. Code Ann. § 15-3-530(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of Claim within 1 year under the SCTCA",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "South Carolina nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-carolina/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "South Dakota",
   "slug": "south-dakota",
   "abbr": "SD",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-dakota",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.D. Codified Laws § 15-2-14.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years for personal injury in South Dakota.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-dakota/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "S.D. Codified Laws § 15-2-14.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "5-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Expert affidavit required at filing"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from discovery with a 5-year repose cap.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-dakota/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "S.D. Codified Laws § 15-2-13(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-dakota/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "S.D. Codified Laws § 15-2-13(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "South Dakota gives 6 years to file a oral contract claim under S.D. Codified Laws § 15-2-13(2). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-dakota/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "S.D. Codified Laws § 15-2-15(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for defamation.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-dakota/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.D. Codified Laws § 21-5-3",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-dakota/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "S.D. Codified Laws § 15-2-13(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-dakota/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "S.D. Codified Laws § 15-2-13(6)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Six years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-dakota/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.D. Codified Laws § 15-2-14.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "South Dakota applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-dakota/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.D. Codified Laws § 15-2-14.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "South Dakota applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-dakota/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.D. Codified Laws § 15-2-14.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "South Dakota product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-dakota/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.D. Codified Laws § 15-2-14.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in South Dakota are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-dakota/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.D. Codified Laws § 15-2-14.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "South Dakota applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-dakota/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "S.D. Codified Laws § 15-2-14.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "South Dakota nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/south-dakota/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Tennessee",
   "slug": "tennessee",
   "abbr": "TN",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/tennessee",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Tenn. Code Ann. § 28-3-104(a)(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 12 months under GTLA",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year"
     ],
     "notes": "Tennessee has one of the shortest personal injury periods — only 1 year. Do not delay.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/tennessee/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Tenn. Code Ann. § 29-26-116",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "3-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Pre-suit notice required 60 days before filing",
      "Expert declaration required"
     ],
     "notes": "Tennessee requires 60-day pre-suit notice and an expert declaration. Only 1 year to file.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/tennessee/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Tenn. Code Ann. § 28-3-109",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/tennessee/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Tenn. Code Ann. § 28-3-105",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Tennessee gives 6 years to file a oral contract claim under Tenn. Code Ann. § 28-3-105. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/tennessee/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Tenn. Code Ann. § 28-3-104(a)(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation in Tennessee.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/tennessee/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Tenn. Code Ann. § 28-3-104(a)(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for wrongful death in Tennessee — act immediately.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/tennessee/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Tenn. Code Ann. § 28-3-105",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/tennessee/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Tenn. Code Ann. § 28-3-105",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/tennessee/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Tenn. Code Ann. § 28-3-104(a)(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 12 months under GTLA",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Tennessee applies the 1-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/tennessee/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Tenn. Code Ann. § 28-3-104(a)(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 12 months under GTLA",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Tennessee applies the 1-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/tennessee/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Tenn. Code Ann. § 28-3-104(a)(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 12 months under GTLA",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules",
      "10-year statute of repose from date of first sale (T.C.A. § 29-28-103)"
     ],
     "notes": "Tennessee product liability claims follow the 1-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale. 10-year statute of repose from date of first sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/tennessee/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Tenn. Code Ann. § 28-3-104(a)(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 12 months under GTLA",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Tennessee are subject to the 1-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/tennessee/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Tenn. Code Ann. § 28-3-104(a)(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Tennessee applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/tennessee/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Tenn. Code Ann. § 28-3-104(a)(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 12 months under GTLA",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 1 year",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Tennessee nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 1-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/tennessee/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Texas",
   "slug": "texas",
   "abbr": "TX",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/texas",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entity: written notice within 6 months required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18 then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Covers car accidents, slips and falls, and most bodily injury claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/texas/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 74.251",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Hard 10-year repose cap from date of act",
      "Expert report required within 120 days of filing"
     ],
     "notes": "Texas has one of the longest repose caps in the US at 10 years.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/texas/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.004",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Applies to most signed written agreements.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/texas/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.004",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Texas gives oral contracts the same period as written.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/texas/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.002",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "One of the shortest civil deadlines in Texas. Act immediately.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/texas/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entity: 6-month notice required"
     ],
     "notes": "Clock starts at death, not at the underlying injury.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/texas/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Covers vehicle damage and real property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/texas/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.004",
     "clockStarts": "Discovery of fraud",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule: clock starts when fraud discovered"
     ],
     "notes": "Four years from when fraud was or reasonably should have been discovered.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/texas/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entity: written notice within 6 months required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18 then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Texas applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/texas/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entity: written notice within 6 months required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18 then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Texas applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/texas/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entity: written notice within 6 months required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18 then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Texas product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/texas/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entity: written notice within 6 months required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18 then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Texas are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/texas/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.0045",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery or 30 years from 18th birthday for childhood abuse",
     "exceptions": [
      "No SOL for sexual abuse of a minor where criminal conviction exists (post-2017)",
      "Adult survivors: 5 years from act or discovery"
     ],
     "notes": "Texas eliminated the SOL for civil claims of childhood sexual abuse in many circumstances (2017). Adult sexual assault: 5 years from discovery.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/texas/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entity: written notice within 6 months required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18 then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Texas nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/texas/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Utah",
   "slug": "utah",
   "abbr": "UT",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/utah",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Utah Code Ann. § 78B-2-307",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 4 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Utah gives a generous 4 years for personal injury claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/utah/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Utah Code Ann. § 78B-3-404",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "4-year repose from date of act is also the limitations period",
      "Expert report required at filing"
     ],
     "notes": "Four years from act or discovery. Utah has a unique combined limitations/repose period.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/utah/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Utah Code Ann. § 78B-2-309",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts in Utah.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/utah/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Utah Code Ann. § 78B-2-307",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Four years for oral contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/utah/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Utah Code Ann. § 78B-2-302(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation in Utah — act immediately.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/utah/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Utah Code Ann. § 78B-3-107",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/utah/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Utah Code Ann. § 78B-2-305",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/utah/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Utah Code Ann. § 78B-2-305(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/utah/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Utah Code Ann. § 78B-2-307",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 4 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Utah applies the 4-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/utah/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Utah Code Ann. § 78B-2-307",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 4 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Utah applies the 4-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/utah/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Utah Code Ann. § 78B-2-307",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 4 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Utah product liability claims follow the 4-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/utah/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Utah Code Ann. § 78B-2-307",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 4 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Utah are subject to the 4-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/utah/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Utah Code Ann. § 78B-2-307",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Utah applies a 4-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/utah/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Utah Code Ann. § 78B-2-307",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 4 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Utah nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 4-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/utah/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Vermont",
   "slug": "vermont",
   "abbr": "VT",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/vermont",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 12, § 512(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year of incident",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years for personal injury in Vermont.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/vermont/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 12, § 521",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "7-year statute of repose from date of act"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery with a 7-year repose cap.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/vermont/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 12, § 511",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/vermont/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 12, § 511",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Vermont gives 6 years to file a oral contract claim under Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 12, § 511. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/vermont/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 12, § 512(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for defamation — more generous than most states.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/vermont/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 14, § 1492",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Vermont gives 2 years to file a wrongful death claim under Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 14, § 1492. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/vermont/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 12, § 512(5)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/vermont/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 12, § 511",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Six years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/vermont/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 12, § 512(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year of incident",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Vermont applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/vermont/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 12, § 512(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year of incident",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Vermont applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/vermont/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 12, § 512(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year of incident",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Vermont product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/vermont/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 12, § 512(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year of incident",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Vermont are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/vermont/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 12, § 512(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Vermont applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/vermont/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 12, § 512(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year of incident",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Vermont nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/vermont/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Virginia",
   "slug": "virginia",
   "abbr": "VA",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/virginia",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-243(A)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years for personal injury in Virginia.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/virginia/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-243(A)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Expert certification required within 10 months of filing",
      "No statute of repose for continuous negligence"
     ],
     "notes": "Virginia requires expert certification (opinion letter) within 10 months of filing.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/virginia/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-246(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Five years for written contracts in Virginia.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/virginia/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-246(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for oral contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/virginia/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-247.1",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation in Virginia.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/virginia/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-244",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/virginia/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-243(B)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Five years for property damage claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/virginia/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-243(A)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from discovery — Virginia has a shorter fraud period than most states.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/virginia/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-243(A)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Virginia applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/virginia/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-243(A)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Virginia applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/virginia/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-243(A)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Virginia product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/virginia/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-243(A)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Virginia are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/virginia/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-243(A)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Virginia applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/virginia/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-243(A)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Virginia nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/virginia/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Washington",
   "slug": "washington",
   "abbr": "WA",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/washington",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wash. Rev. Code § 4.16.080(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year under RCW 4.96",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years for personal injury in Washington state.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/washington/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wash. Rev. Code § 4.16.350",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "8-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Expert certification required within 90 days"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery with an 8-year repose cap.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/washington/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Wash. Rev. Code § 4.16.040(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts in Washington.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/washington/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wash. Rev. Code § 4.16.080(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Washington gives 3 years to file a oral contract claim under Wash. Rev. Code § 4.16.080(3). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/washington/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Wash. Rev. Code § 4.16.100",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for defamation claims.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/washington/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wash. Rev. Code § 4.20.010",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/washington/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wash. Rev. Code § 4.16.080(1)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/washington/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wash. Rev. Code § 4.16.080(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/washington/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wash. Rev. Code § 4.16.080(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year under RCW 4.96",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Washington applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/washington/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wash. Rev. Code § 4.16.080(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year under RCW 4.96",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Washington applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/washington/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wash. Rev. Code § 4.16.080(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year under RCW 4.96",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Washington product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/washington/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wash. Rev. Code § 4.16.080(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year under RCW 4.96",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Washington are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/washington/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "RCW 4.16.340",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "No SOL for childhood sexual abuse (2022 SB 5693)",
      "Adult survivors: 3 years from discovery"
     ],
     "notes": "Washington eliminated the civil SOL for childhood sexual abuse in 2022. Adult survivors have 3 years from the date of discovery.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/washington/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wash. Rev. Code § 4.16.080(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice of claim within 1 year under RCW 4.96",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Washington nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/washington/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "West Virginia",
   "slug": "west-virginia",
   "abbr": "WV",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/west-virginia",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "W. Va. Code § 55-2-12(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years for personal injury in West Virginia.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/west-virginia/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "W. Va. Code § 55-7B-4",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "10-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Notice of claim 30 days before filing required"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from discovery with a 10-year repose cap. Pre-suit notice required.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/west-virginia/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "W. Va. Code § 55-2-6",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Ten years for written contracts in West Virginia.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/west-virginia/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 5,
     "statute": "W. Va. Code § 55-2-6",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "West Virginia gives 5 years to file a oral contract claim under W. Va. Code § 55-2-6. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/west-virginia/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "W. Va. Code § 55-2-12(c)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation — act immediately.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/west-virginia/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "W. Va. Code § 55-7-6",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/west-virginia/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "W. Va. Code § 55-2-12(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/west-virginia/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "W. Va. Code § 55-2-12(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/west-virginia/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "W. Va. Code § 55-2-12(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "West Virginia applies the 2-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/west-virginia/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "W. Va. Code § 55-2-12(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "West Virginia applies the 2-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/west-virginia/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "W. Va. Code § 55-2-12(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "West Virginia product liability claims follow the 2-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/west-virginia/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "W. Va. Code § 55-2-12(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in West Virginia are subject to the 2-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/west-virginia/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "W. Va. Code § 55-2-12(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "West Virginia applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/west-virginia/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "W. Va. Code § 55-2-12(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 2 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "West Virginia nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 2-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/west-virginia/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Wisconsin",
   "slug": "wisconsin",
   "abbr": "WI",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wisconsin",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wis. Stat. § 893.54(1m)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 120 days required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years for personal injury in Wisconsin.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wisconsin/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wis. Stat. § 893.55(1m)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "5-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Expert affidavit required within 60 days of filing"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery with a 5-year repose cap. Expert affidavit required.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wisconsin/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Wis. Stat. § 893.43",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for written contracts.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wisconsin/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Wis. Stat. § 893.43",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Wisconsin gives 6 years to file a oral contract claim under Wis. Stat. § 893.43. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wisconsin/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wis. Stat. § 893.57",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Wisconsin gives 3 years to file a defamation claim under Wis. Stat. § 893.57. Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wisconsin/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wis. Stat. § 895.04(3)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wisconsin/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Wis. Stat. § 893.52",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Six years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wisconsin/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 6,
     "statute": "Wis. Stat. § 893.93(1m)(b)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Six years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wisconsin/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wis. Stat. § 893.54(1m)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 120 days required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Wisconsin applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wisconsin/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wis. Stat. § 893.54(1m)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 120 days required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Wisconsin applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wisconsin/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wis. Stat. § 893.54(1m)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 120 days required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Wisconsin product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wisconsin/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wis. Stat. § 893.54(1m)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 120 days required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Wisconsin are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wisconsin/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wis. Stat. § 893.54(1m)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Wisconsin applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wisconsin/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "Wis. Stat. § 893.54(1m)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 120 days required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Wisconsin nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wisconsin/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "Wyoming",
   "slug": "wyoming",
   "abbr": "WY",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wyoming",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-3-105(a)(iv)(C)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 4 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Wyoming gives 4 years for personal injury — more generous than most states.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wyoming/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-3-107",
     "clockStarts": "Date of act or discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule: 2 years from discovery if earlier than the act-based period"
     ],
     "notes": "Two years from date of act or discovery, whichever provides a longer period.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wyoming/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 10,
     "statute": "Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-3-105(a)(i)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Wyoming gives 10 years to file a written contract claim under Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-3-105(a)(i). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wyoming/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 8,
     "statute": "Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-3-105(a)(ii)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Wyoming gives 8 years to file a oral contract claim under Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-3-105(a)(ii). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wyoming/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-3-105(a)(iv)(B)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation in Wyoming.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wyoming/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-38-102",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wyoming/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-3-105(a)(iv)(C)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Four years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wyoming/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-3-105(a)(iv)(D)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Four years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wyoming/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-3-105(a)(iv)(C)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 4 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "Wyoming applies the 4-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wyoming/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-3-105(a)(iv)(C)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 4 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "Wyoming applies the 4-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wyoming/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-3-105(a)(iv)(C)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 4 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "Wyoming product liability claims follow the 4-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wyoming/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-3-105(a)(iv)(C)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 4 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in Wyoming are subject to the 4-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wyoming/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-3-105(a)(iv)(C)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "Wyoming applies a 4-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wyoming/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 4,
     "statute": "Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-3-105(a)(iv)(C)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 1 year required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 4 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "Wyoming nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 4-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/wyoming/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "name": "District of Columbia",
   "slug": "district-of-columbia",
   "abbr": "DC",
   "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/district-of-columbia",
   "deadlines": {
    "personal-injury": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "D.C. Code § 12-301(8)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 6 months required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years for personal injury in Washington, D.C.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/district-of-columbia/personal-injury"
    },
    "medical-malpractice": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "D.C. Code § 12-301(8)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "5-year statute of repose from date of act",
      "Expert affidavit required at filing"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery with a 5-year repose cap.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/district-of-columbia/medical-malpractice"
    },
    "written-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "D.C. Code § 12-301(7)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for written contracts in D.C.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/district-of-columbia/written-contract"
    },
    "oral-contract": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "D.C. Code § 12-301(8)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of breach",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "District of Columbia gives 3 years to file a oral contract claim under D.C. Code § 12-301(8). Exceptions and special accrual rules are listed above.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/district-of-columbia/oral-contract"
    },
    "defamation": {
     "years": 1,
     "statute": "D.C. Code § 12-301(4)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of publication",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Only 1 year for defamation in D.C.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/district-of-columbia/defamation"
    },
    "wrongful-death": {
     "years": 2,
     "statute": "D.C. Code § 16-2702",
     "clockStarts": "Date of death",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Two years from the date of death.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/district-of-columbia/wrongful-death"
    },
    "property-damage": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "D.C. Code § 12-301(2)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of damage",
     "exceptions": [],
     "notes": "Three years for property damage.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/district-of-columbia/property-damage"
    },
    "fraud": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "D.C. Code § 12-301(8)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of discovery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule applies"
     ],
     "notes": "Three years from discovery of the fraud.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/district-of-columbia/fraud"
    },
    "slip-and-fall": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "D.C. Code § 12-301(8)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of fall, trip, or injury on the property",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 6 months required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Property owner must have had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition"
     ],
     "notes": "District of Columbia applies the 3-year personal injury statute to slip and fall (premises liability) claims. To win, you must show the property owner knew or should have known of the hazardous condition and failed to fix it or warn you.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/district-of-columbia/slip-and-fall"
    },
    "dog-bite": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "D.C. Code § 12-301(8)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of bite, attack, or injury",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 6 months required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Some states impose strict liability on owners regardless of the dog's prior history"
     ],
     "notes": "District of Columbia applies the 3-year period to dog bite and animal attack claims. Most states impose strict liability on dog owners for bites; some require proof the owner knew the animal was dangerous (\"one bite rule\").",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/district-of-columbia/dog-bite"
    },
    "product-liability": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "D.C. Code § 12-301(8)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of injury OR date the defect was or should have been discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 6 months required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule may extend start date for latent product defects",
      "Defective design, manufacturing defect, or failure-to-warn claims each have own accrual rules"
     ],
     "notes": "District of Columbia product liability claims follow the 3-year personal injury period. The discovery rule typically applies when a product defect was not immediately apparent. Check for any applicable statute of repose measured from the date of manufacture or sale.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/district-of-columbia/product-liability"
    },
    "assault-battery": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "D.C. Code § 12-301(8)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of the assault or battery",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 6 months required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Criminal prosecution of the defendant does not pause the civil SOL",
      "Evidence from criminal proceedings may be usable in civil case",
      "Some states apply a different (often shorter) period to intentional torts such as assault and battery. Confirm the rule for your state with an attorney."
     ],
     "notes": "Civil assault and battery claims in District of Columbia are subject to the 3-year personal injury statute. You can file a civil lawsuit regardless of whether criminal charges were filed — they are separate proceedings with different burdens of proof.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/district-of-columbia/assault-battery"
    },
    "sexual-assault": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "D.C. Code § 12-301(8)",
     "clockStarts": "Date of assault or date of discovery of harm",
     "exceptions": [
      "Discovery rule for repressed or suppressed memory",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then extended period in many states",
      "Many states have recently eliminated or extended SOL for childhood sexual abuse — verify current law"
     ],
     "notes": "District of Columbia applies a 3-year period for civil sexual assault claims. Many states have recently extended or eliminated statutes of limitations for childhood sexual abuse. Always verify the current law with an attorney, as this area of law has seen significant legislative changes since 2018.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/district-of-columbia/sexual-assault"
    },
    "nursing-home-abuse": {
     "years": 3,
     "statute": "D.C. Code § 12-301(8)",
     "clockStarts": "Date abuse occurred or was discovered",
     "exceptions": [
      "Gov entities: Notice within 6 months required",
      "Minors: tolled until age 18, then 3 years",
      "Discovery rule applies when abuse was hidden or not immediately apparent",
      "Mental or cognitive incapacity of the resident may toll the period",
      "Federal LTCOP (Long-Term Care Ombudsman) complaints are separate from civil lawsuits"
     ],
     "notes": "District of Columbia nursing home neglect and abuse claims are governed by the 3-year personal injury statute. The discovery rule is critical — abuse is frequently concealed, and courts often hold the clock starts when the family discovered (or should have discovered) the abuse. Preserve all medical records, facility reports, and communications.",
     "url": "https://www.statutelimits.com/states/district-of-columbia/nursing-home-abuse"
    }
   }
  }
 ]
}